IMPROVING MECHANISMS FOR FINANCING FIXED CAPITAL IN THE ECONOMY OF UZBEKISTAN

Abstract

Investments in fixed capital play a crucial role in ensuring sustainable economic growth and competitiveness. They are primarily directed towards the development of industry, construction, transport, energy, and other infrastructure sectors. Global experience shows that in developed countries, effective mechanisms for investing in fixed capital are closely linked to economic stability, production efficiency, and technological modernization. For example, in the United States and Germany, financing the real sector through corporate bonds, stocks, and portfolio investments is widespread. Additionally, in European Union countries, green investments and financing mechanisms based on ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) criteria contribute to sustainable economic development.